The Porsche 918 Spyder is a mid-engined plug-in hybrid sports car designed by Porsche. The Spyder is powered by a 4.6 literV8 engine, developing 608 horsepower (453 kW), with two electric motors delivering an additional 279 horsepower (208 kW) for a combined output of 887 horsepower (661 kW). The 918 Spyder's 6.8 kWh lithium-ion battery pack delivers an all-electric range of 12 mi (19 km) under EPA's five-cycle tests.[1] The car has a top speed of around 345 km/h (214 mph).
The 918 Spyder is a limited edition supercar, and Porsche plans to manufacture 918 units as a 2014 model year. Production began on September 18, 2013, with deliveries initially scheduled to begin in December 2013.[4][5] The starting price isUS$845,000.[3] It is the second plug-in hybrid car from Porsche, after the 2014 Panamera S E-Hybrid.[6]
The 918 Spyder was first shown as a concept at the 80th Geneva Motor Show in March 2010.[4] The production version was unveiled at the September 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show.[7] Porsche also unveiled the RSR racing variant of the 918 at the 2011North American International Auto Show, which combines hybrid technology first used in the 997 GT3 R Hybrid, with styling from the 918 Spyder.[8]
The 918 Spyder is a mid-engined two-seater sports car designed by Michael Mauer.[9] It is powered by a 4.6 litre V8 engine. The engine is built on the same architecture as the one used in the RS Spyder Le Mans Prototype racing car without any engine belts.
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The engine weighs 135 kg according to Porsche and it delivers 608 horsepower (453 kW) at 8,500 rpm and 528 N·m (389 lbf·ft) of maximum torque.[3] This is supplemented by two electric motors delivering an additional 279 hp (208 kW).[10] One 154 hp (115 kW)[3]electric motor drives the rear wheels in parallel with the engine and also serves as the main generator.[10] This motor and engine deliver power to the rear axle via a 7-speed gearbox coupled to Porsche's own PDK double-clutch system. The front 125 hp (93 kW)[3]electric motor directly drives the front axle; an electric clutch decouples the motor when not in use.[10] The total system delivers 887 hp (661 kW) and 1,275 N·m (940 lbf·ft) of torque.[3] By October 2012 the engineering design was not finalized,[10] but Porsche provided performance figures of 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 2.6 seconds,[11] 0-200 km/h (120 mph) in 7.2 seconds, 300 kilometres per hour (190 mph) in 19.9 seconds and a top speed of approximately 345 kilometres per hour (214 mph).[3]
The energy storage system is a 312-cell, liquid-cooled 6.8 kW·h lithium-ion battery positioned behind the passenger cell. In addition to a plug-in charge port at the passenger-side B-pillar, the batteries are also charged by regenerative braking and by excess output from the engine when the car is coasting. CO2 emissions are 79 g/km[6] and fuel consumption is 3.3 L/100 km (94 imperial mpg/78 us mpg) under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).[citation needed] The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under its five-cycle tests rated the 2015model year Porsche 918 Spyder energy consumption in all-electric mode at 50 kWh per 100 miles, which translates into a combined city/highway fuel economy of 67 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (3.5 L/100 km; 80 mpg-imp gasoline equivalent).[1] When powered only by the gasoline engine, EPA's official combined city/highway fuel economy is 22 mpg-US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg-imp).[1]
The 4.6 litre V-8 petrol engine can recharge an empty battery on about two litres of fuel.[12] The supplied Porsche Universal Charger requires seven hours to charge the battery on a typical 110 volt household AC socket or two hours on a dedicated Charging Dock installed with a 240 volt industrial supply. An optional DC Speed Charging Station can restore the battery to full capacity in 25 minutes.[13]
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The 918 Spyder offers five different running modes: E-Drive allows the car to run under battery power alone, using the rear electric motor and front motor, giving a range of 18 miles (29 km) for the concept model.[13] The official U.S. EPA all-electric range is 12 mi (19 km). The total range with a full tank of gasoline and a fully charged battery is 420 miles (680 km) according to EPA tests.[1] Under the E-Drive mode the car can reach 93 mph (150 km/h).[4] Three hybrid modes (Hybrid, Sport and Race) use both the engine and electric motors to provide the desired levels of economy and performance. In Race mode a push-to-pass button initiates the Hot Lap setting, which delivers additional electrical power.[14] The chassis is a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic monocoque.
On July 28, 2010, after 2000 declarations of interest, the Supervisory Board of Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, Stuttgart, gave the green light for series development of the 918 Spyder.[15]
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